{
    "node": {
        "id": "refinery:kern-oil-refining-co-bakersfield-ca",
        "entity_type": "refinery",
        "entity_id": "kern-oil-refining-co-bakersfield-ca",
        "name": "Kern Oil & Refining Co. (dba Kern Energy)",
        "city": "Bakersfield",
        "state": "CA",
        "padd": "PADD5",
        "latitude": 35.294719,
        "longitude": -118.917953,
        "operator": "Kern Oil & Refining Co.",
        "status": "active",
        "capacity_bpd": 26000,
        "eia_id": "820:CA:bakersfield:98b949cb",
        "load_modes": [
            "rail",
            "truck"
        ],
        "alternate_names": [
            "Kern Oil & Refining CO · Bakersfield, CA"
        ],
        "parent": "Casey Co. (privately held, family-owned California company)",
        "capacity_source": "EIA-820",
        "rcn": "R-33-CA-0024",
        "url": "https://thinkingonenergy.com/supply/refinery/kern-oil-refining-co-bakersfield-ca/",
        "provenance": {
            "origin": "research",
            "verification": "confirmed",
            "last_modified": "2026-10-12T00:30:31-05:00",
            "publisher": "Thinking On Energy",
            "basis": "EIA-820 capacity; TOE refinery research profile",
            "retrieved": "2026-10-11"
        }
    },
    "connections": [
        {
            "direction": "inbound",
            "other": {
                "id": "crude_pipeline:kern-energy-crude-supply-line",
                "entity_type": "crude_pipeline",
                "name": "Kern Energy crude supply line",
                "json": "https://thinkingonenergy.com/supply/node/crude_pipeline/kern-energy-crude-supply-line.json"
            },
            "id": "edge:34587790583d612d",
            "from": "crude_pipeline:kern-energy-crude-supply-line",
            "to": "refinery:kern-oil-refining-co-bakersfield-ca",
            "from_entity_type": "crude_pipeline",
            "from_entity_id": "kern-energy-crude-supply-line",
            "to_entity_type": "refinery",
            "to_entity_id": "kern-oil-refining-co-bakersfield-ca",
            "relationship": "feeds",
            "transport_mode": "pipeline",
            "product_type": "crude",
            "pipeline_system": "Kern Energy crude supply line",
            "products": [
                "crude"
            ],
            "edge_status": "active",
            "label": "feeds by pipeline",
            "provenance": {
                "origin": "research",
                "verification": "sourced",
                "confidence": "high",
                "basis": "operator_document",
                "last_modified": "2026-11-01T03:32:49-05:00",
                "publisher": "Thinking On Energy"
            }
        },
        {
            "direction": "outbound",
            "other": {
                "id": "rack_terminal:kern-oil-refining-company-bakersfield-ca",
                "entity_type": "rack_terminal",
                "name": "Kern Oil & Refining Co.",
                "city": "Bakersfield",
                "state": "CA",
                "tcn_code": "T-77-CA-4655",
                "url": "https://thinkingonenergy.com/supply/terminal/T-77-CA-4655/",
                "json": "https://thinkingonenergy.com/supply/node/rack_terminal/kern-oil-refining-company-bakersfield-ca.json"
            },
            "id": "edge:e195cb715f79d925",
            "from": "refinery:kern-oil-refining-co-bakersfield-ca",
            "to": "rack_terminal:kern-oil-refining-company-bakersfield-ca",
            "from_entity_type": "refinery",
            "from_entity_id": "kern-oil-refining-co-bakersfield-ca",
            "to_entity_type": "rack_terminal",
            "to_entity_id": "kern-oil-refining-company-bakersfield-ca",
            "relationship": "feeds",
            "transport_mode": "refinery_direct",
            "product_type": "gasoline, distillate, renewable_diesel",
            "products": [
                "gasoline",
                "distillate",
                "renewable_diesel"
            ],
            "edge_status": "active",
            "label": "feeds by refinery direct",
            "provenance": {
                "origin": "research",
                "verification": "sourced",
                "confidence": "high",
                "basis": "IRS TCN list (7724 E. Panama Lane, at the refinery); Kern Energy (kernenergy.com/about-us); refinery research profile",
                "last_modified": "2026-10-01T03:49:17-05:00",
                "publisher": "Thinking On Energy"
            }
        }
    ],
    "vocabulary": "https://thinkingonenergy.com/supply/vocab/",
    "generated_at": "2026-11-09T16:09:39+00:00",
    "citation": "Thinking On Energy, Supply Explorer, https://thinkingonenergy.com/supply/refinery/kern-oil-refining-co-bakersfield-ca/, accessed 2026-11-09."
}