Milwaukee, WI

Terminals in this market

Pipelines delivering to this market

Each system with a tariff delivery point at one of this market’s terminals, and how many running refineries can ship on it to here.

Refineries that can supply this market

No refinery has a published pipeline route here on file.

Trade area

people in the trade area · 2025 estimate

1,965,881

rank of 422 rack markets by people

#41

gallons of gasoline a day · estimate, 2025

1,913,367

gallons of diesel a day · estimate, 2025

379,697

counties wholly in this market

3

counties shared with other markets

7

Fuel demand is an estimate: each state’s taxed gallons for the year (FHWA) are split among its counties by where the driving happens (EPA county vehicle miles, weighted by how much fuel each vehicle type burns), then shared to markets as above. Every state adds back to its FHWA total. Gasoline includes the ethanol blended into it; diesel is FHWA’s special fuels. Expect diesel to be least reliable along long-haul corridors, where trucks buy fuel in one county and burn it in another. Population: U.S. Census Bureau county estimates.

How good is it? Checked in October 2026 against the county retail sales Iowa and California publish: for gasoline, about 3–5% of gallons landed in the wrong rack market and a typical market was within 5–6%. For diesel, 14–21% landed in the wrong market and a typical market was 30–45% off, with truck-stop corridors such as Bakersfield and Stockton under-counted. Treat gasoline as a working estimate and diesel as a rough guide.

Cost to serve this market by pipeline

What it costs to move a gallon here from a supply origin at filed tariff rates: line-haul, the cost of financing the product on the way and in the tank, pipeline loss, and terminaling. It is a cost at filed rates, not a market price: add it to the origin spot price for a delivered cost. The figure shown is the lowest route that starts where product enters the pipeline system; where a second pipeline is needed to reach here, both are costed. Lines marked "estimate" are placeholders until the pipeline or terminal figure is on file; in the routes table, * marks a figure taken from the tariff.

Gasoline: product adder

¢/gal · product adder

4.12

¢/gal · line-haul tariff · published

1.85

¢/gal · carrying cost · calculated

0.45

¢/gal · pipeline loss · estimate

0.32

¢/gal · terminaling · estimate

1.50

days financed

8.8

Route used: from Romeoville on West Shore Pipeline to Granville (FERC No. 71.61.0 item Table of Rates).

Every published route, lowest adder first (2 of 2). Origins are priced at the same index here. "Origin must be cheaper by" is how far below the price at the origin of the route used above a route's own origin price has to be before that route wins.

Diesel: product adder

¢/gal · product adder

4.49

¢/gal · line-haul tariff · published

1.78

¢/gal · carrying cost · calculated

0.71

¢/gal · pipeline loss · estimate

0.50

¢/gal · terminaling · estimate

1.50

days financed

8.8

Route used: from Blue Island on West Shore Pipeline to Granville (FERC No. 71.61.0 item Table of Rates).

Every published route, lowest adder first (3 of 3). Origins are priced at the same index here. "Origin must be cheaper by" is how far below the price at the origin of the route used above a route's own origin price has to be before that route wins.

Published line-haul rates, all products and rate types

¢/gal · cheapest gasoline · from Hammond on West Shore Pipeline

1.85

¢/gal · cheapest diesel · from Blue Island on West Shore Pipeline

1.79

¢/gal · cheapest jet fuel · from Hammond on West Shore Pipeline

1.85

Supply resilience

pipeline supply

One pipeline

pipeline systems delivering

1

terminals on two or more pipelines

0

terminals with no pipeline tariff

2

One pipeline system delivers here: West Shore Pipeline. An outage on it leaves the market to truck, rail or water.

If a pipeline system goes down

Counts pipeline systems with a tariff delivery point here, not capacity, storage or contracts. A system with two lines into the market still counts once, and a terminal with one pipeline may also receive by truck, rail or water. For a refinery or pipeline outage across every market it touches, open that facility’s page.

Delivered ethanol cost

¢/gal over Chicago ethanol · lowest in the market

-2.86

¢/gal over Chicago ethanol · highest

-2.61

An estimate for each terminal: the cheapest of published rail rates and trucking from the nearest plants, plus basis, transload, terminaling and carrying cost. Each terminal page shows the build-up line by line.

Nearby rack markets

Rack markets within 75 miles (straight line): where a buyer here could also lift.