Supply Explorer
Rack market

Reading, PA

#104 of 422 U.S. rack markets by terminals

OPIS rack city 207 Gasoline & diesel Biodiesel
terminals
3
pipeline systems delivering
2
refineries confirmed
0
more per research or by route
27
people in the trade area
440,956
gal/day gasoline · estimated demand
448,581
gal/day diesel · estimated demand
192,549

Terminals in this market

The racks that post prices in this market. Pipelines = systems with a tariff delivery point at the terminal.
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Terminal TCN Location Delivered by
Buckeye Terminals, LLC - Tuckerton T-23-PA-1752 Reading, PA Buckeye Pipeline
Energy Transfer Marketing & Terminals L.P. T-23-PA-1744 Tamaqua, PA Sunoco / Energy Transfer
Lucknow-Highspire Terminals - Sinking Spring T-23-PA-1742 Sinking Spring, PA Buckeye Pipeline

Pipelines delivering to this market

Each system with a tariff delivery point at one of this market’s terminals, and how many running refineries can ship on it to here.

Pipeline system Terminals here Delivery points Refineries confirmed All reachable
Buckeye Pipeline 2 2 0 7
Sunoco / Energy Transfer 1 1 0 4

Refineries that can supply this market

Running refineries that can reach a terminal here by published route, including across connecting carriers, confirmed links first. 0 are confirmed or named in a tariff; 21 are per research; 6 are inferred because the refinery shares a city with a tariff origin. Capacity, contracts and who actually ships are not known from tariffs.
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Refinery Location Via Link
Bayway Refinery (Phillips 66) Linden, NJ Buckeye Pipeline, Colonial Pipeline, Sunoco / Energy Transfer per research
CITGO Lake Charles Refinery Lake Charles, LA Colonial Pipeline per research
Calcasieu Refining Company Lake Charles, LA Colonial Pipeline per research
Cenovus Lima Refinery Lima, OH Buckeye Pipeline per research
Chevron Pasadena Refinery (Pasadena Refining System, Inc.) Pasadena, TX Colonial Pipeline, Marathon Pipe Line (MPLX) per research
ExxonMobil Baytown Refinery Baytown, TX Colonial Pipeline per research
ExxonMobil Beaumont Refinery Beaumont, TX Colonial Pipeline per research
Hunt Refining Company - Tuscaloosa Refinery Tuscaloosa, AL Colonial Pipeline per research
Krotz Springs Refinery Krotz Springs, LA Colonial Pipeline per research
Marathon Galveston Bay Refinery Galveston Bay, TX Colonial Pipeline per research
Marathon Petroleum Detroit Refinery Detroit, MI Buckeye Pipeline per research
Motiva Port Arthur Refinery Port Arthur, TX Colonial Pipeline per research
PBF Toledo Refinery Toledo, OH Buckeye Pipeline, Sunoco / Energy Transfer per research
Paulsboro Refinery (Paulsboro Refining Company LLC) Paulsboro, NJ Buckeye Pipeline, Colonial Pipeline, Sunoco / Energy Transfer per research
Pemex Deer Park Refinery (Deer Park Refining Limited Partnership) Deer Park, TX Colonial Pipeline per research
Placid Refining Company Port Allen Refinery Port Allen, LA Colonial Pipeline per research
Trainer Refinery (Monroe Energy LLC) Trainer, PA Buckeye Pipeline per research
Valero Houston Refinery Houston, TX Colonial Pipeline per research
Valero Meraux Refinery Meraux, LA Colonial Pipeline per research
Valero St. Charles Refinery (Norco Refinery) Norco, LA Bengal Pipeline per research
Valero Texas City Refinery Texas City, TX Colonial Pipeline per research
ExxonMobil Baton Rouge Refinery Baton Rouge, LA Bengal Pipeline, Colonial Pipeline inferred (same city)
Marathon Garyville Refinery Garyville, LA Bengal Pipeline inferred (same city)
Shell Norco Manufacturing Complex (Norco Refinery) Norco, LA Bengal Pipeline inferred (same city)
Toledo Refinery (formerly BP-Husky, now Ohio Refining Company) Toledo, OH Buckeye Pipeline, Sunoco / Energy Transfer inferred (same city)
TotalEnergies Port Arthur Refinery Port Arthur, TX Colonial Pipeline inferred (same city)
Valero Port Arthur Refinery Port Arthur, TX Colonial Pipeline inferred (same city)

Trade area

people in the trade area · 2025 estimate
440,956
rank of 422 rack markets by people
#223
gallons of gasoline a day · estimate, 2025
448,581
gallons of diesel a day · estimate, 2025
192,549
counties wholly in this market
0
counties shared with other markets
6
An estimate of who lifts here. Each county goes to its nearest rack market with terminals; a market within 1.5 times that distance (or 25 miles more) shares it, up to 4 markets, weighted toward the closer one and the one with more terminals. Distances are straight-line from the county’s centre. Shares of a county always add to 100%, so the people counted across all markets add back to the U.S. total.
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County State Share here People counted here Gasoline gal/day Diesel gal/day County population Miles
Berks County PA 48% 212,951 206,884 87,722 440,072 11
Schuylkill County PA 56% 81,857 90,447 44,162 145,085 17
Lehigh County PA 16% 62,654 62,332 23,075 384,383 19
Northampton County PA 12% 39,286 34,494 12,871 324,411 36
Monroe County PA 16% 27,150 30,943 13,330 167,179 47
Carbon County PA 26% 17,060 23,482 11,390 65,868 27

Fuel demand is an estimate: each state’s taxed gallons for the year (FHWA) are split among its counties by where the driving happens (EPA county vehicle miles, weighted by how much fuel each vehicle type burns), then shared to markets as above. Every state adds back to its FHWA total. Gasoline includes the ethanol blended into it; diesel is FHWA’s special fuels. Expect diesel to be least reliable along long-haul corridors, where trucks buy fuel in one county and burn it in another. Population: U.S. Census Bureau county estimates.

Cost to serve this market by pipeline

¢/gal · cheapest gasoline · from Chelsea Jct. on Buckeye Pipeline
0.95
¢/gal · cheapest diesel · from Chelsea Jct. on Buckeye Pipeline
0.95
Published line-haul rates into a terminal here, cheapest first (10 of 10 routes). Add the origin spot price for a delivered cost; compare that with the rack price for the netback. Not included: terminal throughput and rack fees, and the 15 conditional tariff fees listed on each pipeline page.
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Origin Pipeline Delivery point Product ¢/bbl ¢/gal Refineries at the origin Tariff
Chelsea Jct. Buckeye Pipeline SINKING SPRING (b) gasoline, distillate 39.84 0.95 Trainer Refinery (Monroe Energy LLC) FERC No. 442.42.0
Montello (Laurel Pipeline) Sunoco / Energy Transfer Tamaqua, Schuylkill County gasoline, distillate 95.51 2.27 FERC No. 175.36.0
Booth Buckeye Pipeline SINKING SPRING (b) gasoline, distillate 97.08 2.31 FERC No. 442.42.0
Eagle Point Buckeye Pipeline SINKING SPRING (b) gasoline, distillate 111.99 2.67 FERC No. 442.42.0
Macungie Buckeye Pipeline SINKING SPRING (b) gasoline, distillate 122.97 2.93 FERC No. 442.42.0
Macungie Buckeye Pipeline TUCKERTON (b) gasoline, distillate 122.97 2.93 FERC No. 442.42.0
Linden Buckeye Pipeline SINKING SPRING (b) gasoline, distillate 179.20 4.27 Bayway Refinery (Phillips 66) FERC No. 442.42.0
Paulsboro Buckeye Pipeline SINKING SPRING (b) gasoline, distillate 179.20 4.27 Paulsboro Refinery (Paulsboro Refining Company LLC) FERC No. 442.42.0
Linden Buckeye Pipeline TUCKERTON (b) gasoline, distillate 179.20 4.27 Bayway Refinery (Phillips 66) FERC No. 442.42.0
Paulsboro Buckeye Pipeline TUCKERTON (b) gasoline, distillate 179.20 4.27 Paulsboro Refinery (Paulsboro Refining Company LLC) FERC No. 442.42.0

Supply resilience

pipeline supply
Limited
pipeline systems delivering
2
terminals on two or more pipelines
0
terminals with no pipeline tariff
0

Two pipeline systems deliver here: one can cover for the other where a terminal is on both.

If a pipeline system goes down

Pipeline system Terminals it reaches here With no other pipeline Which
Buckeye Pipeline 2 2 Buckeye Terminals, LLC - Tuckerton; Lucknow-Highspire Terminals - Sinking Spring
Sunoco / Energy Transfer 1 1 Energy Transfer Marketing & Terminals L.P.

Counts pipeline systems with a tariff delivery point here, not capacity, storage or contracts. A system with two lines into the market still counts once, and a terminal with one pipeline may also receive by truck, rail or water. For a refinery or pipeline outage across every market it touches, open that facility’s page.

Delivered ethanol cost

¢/gal over Chicago ethanol · lowest in the market
+16.79
¢/gal over Chicago ethanol · highest
+18.03

An estimate for each terminal: the cheapest of published rail rates and trucking from the nearest plants, plus basis, transload, terminaling and carrying cost. Each terminal page shows the build-up line by line.

Terminal ¢/gal over Chicago By From Miles
Energy Transfer Marketing & Terminals L.P. +16.79 truck Western New York Energy LLC (Medina, NY) 253
Lucknow-Highspire Terminals - Sinking Spring +17.37 truck Western New York Energy LLC (Medina, NY) 264
Buckeye Terminals, LLC - Tuckerton +18.03 truck Western New York Energy LLC (Medina, NY) 278

Nearby rack markets

Rack markets within 75 miles (straight line): where a buyer here could also lift.

Rack market Miles Terminals Pipelines
Sinking Springs, PA 18 1 2
Macungie, PA 23 6 2
Lancaster, PA 39 2 2
Northumberland, PA 44 2 1
Middletown, PA 51 1 1
Scranton, PA 51 3 2
Pennsauken, NJ 52 1 —
Paulsboro, NJ 57 8 3
Harrisburg, PA 57 3 1
Wilmington, DE 58 5 2

Rates are pipeline line-haul transcribed from published FERC tariffs; every figure cites its tariff and item. Cost to serve (netback) adds origin spot price and destination fees. "Confirmed" links match a tariff delivery point to the facility; "same city" means the point is in the facility's city — plausible, not proof; "per research" means the facility's research profile names the pipeline as an outlet.